Cycloconium oleagina causes the olive leaf spot ols or the pea cock eye. The fungus spilocaea oleagina causes peacock leaf spot in olive. Ishs iii international symposium on olive growing epidemiology of leaf spot of olive tree caused by spilocaea oleagina in. Biocontrol control of the weed parasite orobanche teaching experiences undergraduate courses plant pathology integrated pest management microbiology biology 101 biology 102 graduate courses biotechnology for crop protection phd students cosupervision. Spilocaea oleaginea is a deuteromycete fungal plant pathogen, the cause of the disease olive peacock spot, also known as olive leaf spot and birds eye spot. The disease is controlled by application of coppercontaining fungicides prior to winter rains. Latent infection of olive leaf spot disease on palestinian. Further growth by radiating mycelia, composed of branched hyaline, septate hyphae, expand to form round, flat submerged colonies between the outermost portions of the epidermal cell wall and the cuticular layer. This plant disease commonly affects the leaves of olive trees worldwide. Phylogeny of the fungus spilocaea oleagina, the causal. Concepts of botany algae pdf 21p this note contains explanation of algae, structure of alage and its classification.
Genetic variation in spilocaea oleagina populations from. Molecular analysis of the interaction between blackwell. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Full length article resistance of olive tree to spilocaea.
Pdf olive leaf spot caused by the fungus, spilocaea oleagina, is the most important leaf disease of olives in many olivegrowing regions worldwide. Ph spilocaea oleagina 5 12 ph ph10 spilocaea oleagina. Overall importance of the crop and production areas. Pdf genetic variation in spilocaea oleagina population.
Effect of temperature, relative humidity, leaf wetness and. Fusicladium oleagineum, the fungal causal agent of olive. Olive trees are susceptible to several pathogens that may affect the yield and quality of their products with important economic impact, such as diseases causes by fungi i. Study biology online free by downloading openstaxs concepts of biology book and using our accompanying online resources including a biology study guide. The total olive oil production for the 20062007 season was 2,859,500 tons international olive oil council iooc data. This very common disease occurs throughout olivegrowing regions. Peacock spot is also known as olive leaf spot or birds eye spot and it is caused by a fungus. A longterm study on the effect of agroclimatic variables. Olive leaf spot ols caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina cast.
Olive leaf spot caused by the fungus, spilocaea oleagina, is the most important leaf disease of olives in many olivegrowing regions worldwide with yield losses of up to 20%. Cycloconium oleagineum, was recently assigned to fusicladium oleagineum on the basis of morphological and genotypic traits. Peacock leaf spot, sometimes also referred to as olive scab, olive leaf spot or cycloconium leaf spot, is one of the most common diseases of olive olea europaea trees worldwide obanor et al. Download fulltext pdf survey of the fungal species associated to olivetree olea europaea l. Timing of fungicide applications and their high costs and possible effects on human health and the environment are critical for an effective control. Biologyandepidemiologyof venturia speciesaffectingfruit. Secretariat is made up of internationally renowned researchers whose hard work has made this book materialize. The effects of temperature, relative humidity rh, leaf wetness and leaf age on conidium germination were investigated for spilocaea oleagina, the causal organism of olive leaf spot.
The suspension was sprayed onto plants using an atomizer to just before runoff. Recents works that used both morphological and molecular characters concluded. Its causal agent, formerly spilocaea oleaginea, syn. Relative susceptibility of new olive cultivars to spilocaea oleagina, colletotrichum acutatum, and pseudocercospora cladosporioides article pdf available in plant disease 991. The life cycle of the causative agent, spilocaea oleagina is dependent on climatic. Free biology 2e textbook available for download openstax. Cultivars vary in their susceptibility, but all are subject to infection. This book is a printed edition of the special issue mass spectrometry application in biology. Free concepts of biology book available for download openstax. Proceedings of the meeting at becici, budva montenegro, 12th 15th may, 20.
Investigations were carried out during 20072010 to measure the prevalence and severity of olive leaf spot in the northern olive growing regions of iran. Article full text enhanced pdf format, 180766 bytes article sharing repository deposits. Peacock spot disease caused by spilocaea oleagina on olive using bacteria 20002002. Olive scab or leaf spot, caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina, is widespread in the mediterranean region. Identification the conidia and conidiophores that are formed on the leaf spots, can be observed under the optical microscope description on the leaves, dark brown circular, mostly annular with a green center or zonate spots, showing yellow edges peacock spots. Application of leaf extracts of ambrosia artemisiifolia to control spilocaea oleagina the causal agent of olive leaf spot disease on olive trees. Winter is considered a model species in plant pathology machardy, 1996 and it is the causal agent of apple scab, the most important apple disease. Biology 2e is designed to cover the scope and sequence requirements. One of the major problems threatening the young new zealand olive industry is olive leaf spot ols, also called peacock spot, caused by a fungus, spilocaea oleagina. European journal of advanced research in biological and life sciences. Study biology online for free by downloading openstaxs college biology 2e book and using our accompanying online resources including a biology study guide. Pdf olive scab caused by the mitosporic fungus spilocaea oleagina is the most. Overall, tetraconazole reduced the disease and, as a systemic action, may be associated with dodine or copper to control spilocaea oleagina particularly when the disease is well developed.
Briefly, the plant material was digested in nitric acid 33% under high pressure in a microwave. Effects of temperature, inoculum concentration, leaf age. Mazen salman this thesis was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the. Pdf spilocaea oleagina in olive groves of southern spain. Molecular analysis of the interaction between olea europaea and the biotrophic fungus spilocaea oleagina yoselin benitez 1, miguel a. The disease affects trees throughout the growing season and can cause significant losses in yield. Assignment to these genera depends on the morphology of the conidiogenous cells. An najah national university palestine 1999 biology plant tissue culture b. An najah national university palestine 1995 biology professional experience 1 employment history. Contribution to the knowledge of the biology of the spilocaea oleagina,1966,327 339. Pdf survey of the fungal species associated to olive.
Silicon reduces the incidence of venturia oleaginea. On the day of inoculation day 0, a suspension of 5. Disease models olive disease models olive scab or leaf spot, spilocaea oleagina olive scab or leaf spot, caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina, is widespread in the mediterranean region. Biology and epidemiology of venturia species affecting. Field models for the prediction of leaf infection and. For the next 7 d, the plants were enclosed within a clear polythene tent constructed inside the greenhouse to. Tissue and organ specificity in plant diseases springerlink. In order to get insight, an in vitro culture of the fungus has been established and its identity confirmed by. Pdf evaluation of the incidence and severity of olive. Biological control of peacock spot disease caused by spilocaea. The disease is caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina and can reduce the growth and yield of olive trees olea eurapaea l. Olive leaf spot or peacock spot, caused by the fungal pathogen spilocaea oleagina, can cause reduced growth and yield in olive trees olea eurapaea.
Razavi view article olive leaf spot or peacock spot, caused by the fungal pathogen spilocaea oleagina, can cause reduced growth and yield in olive trees olea eurapaea. In plant pathology, it is common to refer to generalized tobacco mosaic, local apple scab, corn smut, and localized wheat bunt diseases, according to the site of infection, the rate and path of spread of the pathogen in the host, and the site of symptom expression. It is found in southern europe and the middle east, then east up to iran and ukraine. Losses arise mostly from defoliation of severely infected trees, with consequently reduced yield.
Kresoximmethyl stroby wg, basf, a new strobilurinbased fungicide was tested for its activity on the germination of conidia of a population of spilocaea oleagina, obtained from naturally infected leaves in. Article full text enhanced pdf format, 303501 bytes article sharing repository deposits questions. Oss was evaluated in 92 epidemic events, which occurred in 14 locations in the andalusia region southern spain for 16 years. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The greenbrindled dot valeria oleagina is a species of moth of the family noctuidae. Pdf relative susceptibility of new olive cultivars to. Pdf biology and epidemiology of venturia species affecting fruit. Greenhouse and field evaluation of fungicides for control. Leaf infection is through the cuticle, which is pierced and enzymatically degraded by the hyphae. Ph spilocaea tishreen university journal for research and scientific studies biological sciences series vol.
Survey of spilocaea oleagina, causal agent of olive leaf. Investigations were carried out during october 2011 and october 2012, to determine the latent incidence and severity of ols infection in palestine. Pdf epidemiology of leaf spot of olive tree caused by. Edited by dionyssios perdikis, jelena latinovic, and andrea lucchi. Biological control of spilocaea oleagina the causal agent of olive leaf spot disease, using antagonistic bacteria. Application of leaf extracts of ambrosia artemisiifolia to. These cells are sympodial in fusicladium and percurrent in pollaccia and spilocaea hughes, 1953. Olive leaf spot ols or peacock disease is one of the most destructive diseases on olive trees in many parts of the world. Mass spectrometry application in biology mdpi books. In both experiments, 1 week before the inoculation with v.
439 1609 852 1263 713 164 122 1650 1424 1495 1148 1369 92 554 1504 1029 1371 57 495 247 52 1146 26 843 203 1095 1356 324 551 716 1146